Skip to Main Content

Discovery of new type of stem cells leads to $2.3 million grant

When muscle is damaged, resident stem cells mediate the repair of the injured tissue. At the same time, circulating immune cells race to the site to aid the repair. The presence of these infiltrating immune cells at injury sites raises questions about their role in coordinating with muscle stem cells to build or regenerate muscle tissue.

Shihuan Kuang, a Purdue professor of animal sciences, has identified a previously unknown subset of muscle stem cells, which he has dubbed “immunomyoblasts,” that have both muscle stem cell and immune cell properties and may shed light on how those cells interact. The National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases recently awarded Kuang $2.3 million over five years to develop a basic understanding of these cells’ origins and functions.

Shihuan Kuang Shihuan Kuang

“These stem cells have unique properties that raise questions about where they come from and how they relate to muscle and immune cells,” Kuang said. “This grant will provide the support for us to answer those fundamental questions and lay a foundation for applied research into ways immunomyoblasts could be targeted to treat diseases and improve animal agriculture.”

Kuang’s lab identified the new subcategory of stem cells through a technique called single-cell RNA sequencing. It allows scientists to profile all of the genes expressed in one cell by decoding the single-strand RNAs that were produced in the cell. His team did that with over 50,000 cells to recognize unique properties in the cells and determine that immunomyoblasts are a subset of cells that express both muscle and immune genes.

Kuang will use a strategy called cell lineage (or fate) mapping to understand where immunomyoblasts originate — whether they are a form of existing muscle stem cells that can communicate with infiltrating immune cells. The process entails tracking differentiated cells backward to their origins.

From there, Kuang will determine the types of immune cells — T-cells, B-cells, microphages or others — that the immunomyoblasts are communicating with and how that coordination plays a role in muscle development and repair.

The knowledge gained from Kuang’s work may open new avenues of research in muscular diseases. Understanding how to improve muscle regeneration could lead to therapies that can combat diseases like muscular dystrophy.

It may also be possible to learn more about how muscles develop in pigs, cattle and other animals raised for meat and make improvements in those processes.

Kuang’s collaborators in the study include Stephanie Oprescu, an NIH-supported graduate student; Feng Yue, a research scientist in animal sciences; Luis Brito, an assistant professor of animal sciences; Matthew Olson, an assistant professor of biological sciences; and Timothy Ratliff, a professor of comparative pathobiology.

Featured Stories

Chicken with poultry swab
New assay offers way to combat threat of highly pathogenic avian flu

Highly pathogenic avian influenza reached Antarctica’s mainland in early 2024, leaving...

Read More
Sadhana Chhetri
Sadhana Chhetri - Graduate Ag Research Spotlight

Sadhana Chhetri was a city kid, born and raised in the busy capital of Nepal, Kathmandu. So, when...

Read More
Dairy cows
Milk and motorsports: dairy’s lasting legacy in the Indy 500

Sunday, Hoosiers and racing fans from across the country gathered to watch the iconic Indy 500...

Read More
Carlos Corvalan, associate professor of food science and the project’s supervisor works on screen in lab at Purdue.
From lab to table: Purdue Food Science research predicts texture with machine learning

The creaminess of custard. The fizz of foam. The slurpability of soup. Texture is just as...

Read More
Bridget McClatchey
From farm to food science: alumna's journey to patenting America's beloved comfort food

It may take you back to your childhood: a bowl of warm, brightly colored cheesy noodles often...

Read More
Seed oil in grocery store
Majority of consumers perceive seed oils as safe, but health concerns rise

Most consumers are somewhat familiar with seed oils, but overall, they feel unsure or neutral...

Read More
To Top